<hdr>The World Factbook 1994: Venezuela<nl>Government</hdr><body>
<list>
<item><hi format=bold>Names:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>conventional long form:</hi> Republic of Venezuela
<item>• <hi format=ital>conventional short form:</hi> Venezuela
<item>• <hi format=ital>local long form:</hi> Republica de Venezuela
<item>• <hi format=ital>local short form:</hi> Venezuela
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Digraph:</hi> VE
<item><hi format=bold>Type:</hi> republic
<item><hi format=bold>Capital:</hi> Caracas
<item><hi format=bold>Administrative divisions:</hi> 21 states (estados, singular—estado), 1 territory* (territorio), 1 federal district** (distrito federal), and 1 federal dependence*** (dependencia federal); Amazonas*, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolivar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Dependencias Federales***, Distrito Federal**, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>note:</hi> the federal dependence consists of 11 federally controlled island groups with a total of 72 individual islands
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<item><hi format=bold>Independence:</hi> 5 July 1811 (from Spain)
<item><hi format=bold>National holiday:</hi> Independence Day, 5 July (1811)
<item><hi format=bold>Constitution:</hi> 23 January 1961
<item><hi format=bold>Legal system:</hi> based on Napoleonic code; judicial review of legislative acts in Cassation Court only; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
<item><hi format=bold>Suffrage:</hi> 18 years of age; universal
<item><hi format=bold>Executive branch:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>chief of state and head of government:</hi> President Rafael CALDERA Rodriquez (since 2 February 1994); election last held 5 December 1993 (next to be held December 1998); results—Rafael CALDERA (National Convergence) 30.45%, Claudio FERMIN (AD) 23.59%, Oswaldo ALVAREZ PAZ (COPEI) 22.72%, Andres VELASQUEZ (Causa R) 21.94%, other 1.3%
<item>• <hi format=ital>cabinet:</hi> Council of Ministers; appointed by the president
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<item><hi format=bold>Legislative branch:</hi> bicameral Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la Republica)
<item><hi format=bold>Senate (Senado):</hi> elections last held 5 December 1993 (next to be held December 1998); results—percent of vote by party NA; seats—(52 total) AD 18, COPEI 15, Causa R 9, MAS 5, National Convergence 5; note—3 former presidents (2 from AD, 1 from COPEI) hold lifetime senate seats
<item><hi format=bold>Chamber of Deputies (Camara de Diputados):</hi> elections last held 5 December 1993 (next to be held December 1998); results—AD 27.9%, COPEI 26.9%, MAS 12.4%, National Convergence 12.9%, Causa R 19.9%; seats—(201 total) AD 55, COPEI 53, MAS 24, National Convergence 26, Causa R 40, other 3
<item><hi format=bold>Judicial branch:</hi> Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia) Gonzalo RODRIGUEZ Corro, President
<item><hi format=bold>Political parties and leaders:</hi> National Convergence (Convergencia), Jose Miguel UZCATEGUI, director; Social Christian Party (COPEI), Hilarion CARDOZO, president, and Jose CURIEL, secretary general; Democratic Action (AD), Pedro PARIS Montesinos, president, and Luis ALFARO Ucero, secretary general; Movement Toward Socialism (MAS), Argelia LAYA, president, and Freddy MUNOZ, secretary general; Radical Cause (La Causa R), Pablo MEDINA, secretary general
<item><hi format=bold>Other political or pressure groups:</hi> FEDECAMARAS, a conservative business group; Venezuelan Confederation of Workers (CTV, labor organization dominated by the Democratic Action); VECINOS groups
<item>• <hi format=ital>consulate(s) general:</hi> Boston, Chicago, Houston, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)
<item>• <hi format=ital>consulate(s):</hi> Maracaibo (closed March 1994)
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<item><hi format=bold>Flag:</hi> three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), blue, and red with the coat of arms on the hoist side of the yellow band and an arc of seven white five-pointed stars centered in the blue band